Novel approaches to PTSD treatment

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition that develops after exposure to dangerous events, and is especially prevalent in military populations. PTSD can leave individuals trapped in cycles of hypervigilance, emotional numbness, hyperarousal, flashbacks, and distress. While traditional treatments are sometimes effective, many individuals continue to struggle with symptoms. We need new, better ways to treat PTSD.

In recent years, psychedelics-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has emerged as a promising new approach for PTSD intervention, showing encouraging treatment effects in Phase II and III clinical trials. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain unknown. 

Psychotherapy for PTSD involves processes that alter trauma memories. Such processes, such as extinguishing abnormal fear responses, are believed to involve brain structures like the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex. Psychedelic compounds are hypothesized to enhance therapeutic processes via their unique neurochemical effects on brain function. We need to understand whether these brain structures indeed respond to treatment in a way that correlates with clinical improvement. 

Gaining new insights into how PAP helps modulate neural circuits disrupted by PTSD can help us improve the care provided to those suffering from it.